I wrote this piece for the Guardian Online:
10 of the best books about the home…
The Great Indoors
explores changes in domestic life over the last hundred years or so, and it
does so room by room (starting in the hallway and ending in the attic). I was
interested in how these “living” rooms have been used, what they have been
filled with and what they felt like across the twentieth century and into the
twenty first.
My concern was with the house as it was imagined by
advertisers and designers as well as the house as it has actually been lived,
and this took me to a variety of archives: the V&A archives in the
fantastic Blythe House, the Museum of Domestic Design and Architecture, and
that treasure trove of the ordinary the Mass-Observation archive at the
University of Sussex. I was also interested in how home interiors have been the
stage for domestic dramas, and for this I looked at novels and films, and
especially, sit-coms.
Along the way I grew a fondness
for these fellow travellers in scrutinising the domestic scene:
George Orwell, The Road to Wigan Pier
Today The Road to Wigan Pier is often dismissed as part of a 1930s social
adventurism performed by posh Oxbridge types who wrote for a left-leaning
London audience about the horrors to be found ‘Up-North’. Actually the book is
both a fastidious examination of how humiliation is given material form by
impoverished housing and how class might be less a form of consciousness and
more a deeply ingrained and embodied set of habits.
W. J. Turner, Exmoor Village
This book came out in 1947 as part
of the work of Mass-Observation. It is an audit of one rural village at the end
of the war, accompanied by some tremendous photographs by John Hinde. The
village was not supplied by mains gas or electricity, and everybody washed in
the scullery sink. Turner’s book tells you what was contained on the
bookshelves of the villagers and what furniture they had.
Barbara Vine, The House of Stairs
Ruth Rendell writing as Barbara Vine
is brilliant at capturing the uncanniness of some houses. Freud wrote a famous
essay on the uncanny and reminded us that the German word for the uncanny is
literally translated as un-homely. For him what is unnerving about the uncanny
is that this is strangeness found in familiar places. If you want a sense of
that experience then read The House of
Stairs.
Judy Attfield, Wild Things: The Material Culture of
Everyday Life
Judy Attfield was a design historian
who followed ordinary domestic objects into the home. She was less concerned
with what designers intended when they produced chairs or rugs, than how people
used their objects and what these objects meant to them. She was particularly
interested in how we get attached to the material world around us, and in one
memorable passage she writes about her recently deceased dad’s jumper, and how
it was the touch and the smell of it that held the trace of him.
Brian Dillon, In the Dark Room
I read a number of autobiographies when
I was researching The Great Indoors,
nearly all of them had incredibly affecting descriptions of the author’s
childhood home (but sparse description of other homes that the authors must
have lived in). Brian Dillon’s book is a distillation of this aspect of
autobiography, and a wonderful reflection on the power of childhood domestic
space to shape and evoke memories.
Christina Hardyment, From Mangle to Microwave: The Mechanization
of Household Work
Christina Hardyment has published a
small raft of books about the history of domestic life. She mines archives to
show us what we used to eat, how we use to raise babies and small children and
how we have conducted the management of the household. This book is full of
great turns of phrase like “gimcrack gadgetry”, but the real story is how
nineteenth and twentieth century “labour-saving” came with a whole host of
added expectations that fulfilled Betty Friedan’s reworked Parkinson’s Law:
“Housewifery expands to fill the time available”.
Michael McMillan, The Front Room: Migrant Aesthetics in the
Home
Michael McMillan’s book is a
sumptuous array of domestic photographs and oral history telling how Caribbean
migrants fashioned their houses in a cold and often unwelcoming Britain in the
postwar years. It is interesting to see that in many ways these families were
even more traditionally British than their contemporary white peers, and while
most white families had given up the “kept for best” parlour by the 1960s many
Caribbean families maintained these more traditional domestic practices.
John Braine, Life at the Top
John Braine’s had a massive success
with Room at the Top. This is the
sequel and Joe Lampton is living in middle-class suburbia. It is great on the
way that success is sometimes measured in the material accoutrements of
domestic life (TV, expensive sofas, and drinks cabinet). In Life at the Top it seems that these
furnishings offer no comfort for his emotional restlessness.
Deborah Sugg Ryan, The Ideal Home through the Twentieth Century
The Daily Mail’s Ideal Home Exhibition has been since 1908 (with a few
gaps) a perennial showcase of all that is new in home furnishings and domestic
culture. It has been an important agent for popularising new fads, such as DIY.
There is something magical about the show – the streets of fake-real houses in
the main hall – and something banal about the relentless commercialism of it.
Deborah Sugg Ryan’s magnificently illustrated volume is a rip-roaring tour of
both sides of the exhibition.
Penny Sparke, As Long
as it’s Pink: The Sexual Politics of Taste
It is no wonder that most of the
best writers about the house are women – the house has always been the stage
for performing our expectations and perceptions about gender – and for this the
stakes have been higher for women than for men. When second wave feminism said
the personal is political then the logical object to look at is the home. Penny
Sparke shows how the world of interior design and household advice is peppered
with gendered assumptions, and how “taste” was used to reinforce gendered
differences.
To your list, Ben, I would add Judith Flanders' The Victorian House, and also Deborah Cohen's Household Gods - The British and their Possessions.
ReplyDeleteMargaret P